Control-oriented modeling and passivity analysis of thermal dynamics in a multi-producer district heating system

Climate change and geopolitics have led to the conception of plans for reducing greenhouse gas emissions improving sustainability existing fossil-based energy systems. In this respect, district heating has been identified as an indispensable player its potential integrate seamlessly environmentally-friendly heat sources. To improve efficiency these systems, optimal operation schemes can be devised enforced through control end, we present a control-oriented nonlinear ODE-based model temperature dynamics in multi-producer system. The features modular design comprises thermal exchangers producers consumers interconnected by distribution network meshed topology. Then, establish passivity properties zero-state detectability modeled that could exploited controller solving constrained optimization problems.